The long and winding road to inhaled TB therapy: not only the bug’s fault

Not all of the issues impacting the success of tuberculosis (TB) treatment arise from pathogen-related disease characteristics. Nowadays, there is an increasing awareness that antibiotic treatment is not the only answer to the TB problem, promoting the search for alternative administration strategies and host-directed therapies. Among all the administration routes, being the lungs the main TB focus, inhalation is conceptually a logical solution to enhance treatment effectiveness and compliance. Nevertheless, research efforts and funding are almost entirely conveyed to conventional approaches. This review will critically evaluate the reasons constraining research in this field, providing some future perspectives. The most recent advances in inhalation approaches for TB will be discussed, either at the preclinical or clinical phase, illustrating the risk of failure and chances of success.     

基于VB的断面程序设计

主要针对导线极坐标法测设路线曲线的方法,通过到实地采集纵横断面点数据,研究并建立了与之相应的数据处理与内业图形绘制系统,实现了路线工程测量的现代化。     

Dielectric and magnetic studies of 0.5Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 - 0.5Bi3LaTi3O12 nano-composite ceramic synthesized by semi-wet route

A nano-composite electro ceramic with the chemical composition of 0.5Bi_2/3Cu₃Ti₄O₁₂ - 0.5Bi₃LaTi₃O₁₂ was synthesized by a semi-wet route using high purity metal nitrate and solid TiO₂ in a stoichiometric ratio. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the presence of Bi₃LaTi₃O₁₂ (BLTO) and Bi_2/3Cu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (BCTO) phases in the composites sintered at 900 °C for 8 h. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis of the composite shows the presence of nanoparticles in the range of 55±3 nm. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) study also substantiates the presence of nanoparticles in the composite. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that the surface morphology consists of plates like and spherical grains. The study of PE hysteresis loop revealed no saturation polarization which suggested lossy capacitor behavior of the composite. Magnetic behavior of the composite shows the weak ferromagnetic nature in M-T and M-H curve. The High observed value of dielectric constant (ε’=13.94×10³) of the composite may be due to the presence of space charge polarization.     

脱磷转炉内成渣路线的理论研究

以CaO-SiO2-FeO三元渣系为基，利用正规溶液模型计算了不同碱度、炉渣组分对于脱磷转炉内磷分配比和终点磷含量的影响规律；同时，采用Factsage软件计算了不同脱磷渣系的液相线温度，考察了添加不同炉渣组元对于渣系液相线温度的影响规律。综合理论计算结果，得到脱磷转炉适宜的成渣路线为铁质成渣路线，脱磷初渣成分为15%CaO-44%SiO2-41%FeO，中期渣成分为53%CaO-25.5%SiO2-21.5%FeO,后期固磷渣成分为63.6%CaO-30.3%SiO2-6.1%FeO。可为脱磷转炉的生产操作提供参考。     

Optimization of autoregressive,exogenous inputs-based typhoon inundation forecasting models using a multi-objective genetic algorithm

Three types of model for forecasting inundation levels during typhoons were optimized: the linear autoregressive model with exogenous inputs (LARX), the nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous inputs with wavelet function (NLARX-W) and the nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous inputs with sigmoid function (NLARX-S). The forecast performance was evaluated by three indices: coefficient of efficiency, error in peak water level and relative time shift. Historical typhoon data were used to establish water-level forecasting models that satisfy all three objectives. A multi-objective genetic algorithm was employed to search for the Pareto-optimal model set that satisfies all three objectives and select the ideal models for the three indices. Findings showed that the optimized nonlinear models (NLARX-W and NLARX-S) outperformed the linear model (LARX). Among the nonlinear models, the optimized NLARX-W model achieved a more balanced performance on the three indices than the NLARX-S models and is recommended for inundation forecasting during typhoons.     

山区公路复杂路段局部路线方案的比选论证

通过对国道214线结古至巴塘机场路线方案的介绍,结合山区公路的特点,对复杂路段路线方案的比选要点进行探讨,以期能对今后的山区高等级公路路线方案的比选论证有所帮助。     

以ZrH_2为发泡剂的泡沫铝制备和表征

使用氢化锆为发泡剂,通过熔体发泡法制备泡沫铝并研究其影响因素。制备工艺为：添加0.6%-1.4%的发泡剂,1.5%-3.0%Ca（质量分数）作为增粘剂,发泡温度933-1013K,搅拌时间为0.5-2.5min和保温时间为1.5-4.0min。利用XRD和SEM对泡沫铝样品进行表征,测试其力学性能。结果表明,在合适的工艺参数下能制备出孔径均匀的泡沫铝,采用氢化锆为发泡剂可以制备出平均孔径为1mm左右的泡沫铝。金属间化合物和Al2O3的存在影响熔体的粘度。泡沫铝的力学性能经历线弹性区、平台区和致密化区并表现出较高的能量吸收效率。     

井下无线通信网络路由快速建立的方法

井下环境恶劣多变,传统单链状无线监测网络的稳定性不理想,为了增强无线通信网络在井下的适应性,提出了多路径快速建立路由的方法。介绍了此方法所采用的矿井监测系统,主要包括增置临时节点辅助通信、固定节点交错放置的策略,增加通信路径的选择面;说明了节点信息表的设置和井下掘进巷道中固定节点的高密度布局;组网优先级的设计使井下通信网络在面临突发事件时能实现路由的快速建立。仿真结果表明,该机制具有较好的灵活性,与单链状无线网络相比,数据传输和节点平均能耗等性能方面有了显著的提高。     

井下掘进机掘进作业线升级改造的研究

基于目前综掘的发展远滞后于综采的现状,阐述了井下现有的掘进设备与工艺路线,根据矿井下目前装备给出了升级改造的方案,可实现矿井提高综掘产量和降低工人劳动强度的目标。     

基于采动和承压水作用下断层突水关键路径的力学分析

 断层突水是煤矿典型的动力灾害,是煤岩体在采动和承压水共同作用下失稳破坏过程。论文针对导水断层缩短了煤层和含水层距离特点,建立了断层突水的关键路径力学模型。将极限平衡理论和尖点突变理论引入断层突水分析,建立了承压水及采动影响下断层突水关键部位失稳破坏模型,获得了断层突水的力学判据,以及防突煤柱预留临界宽度。同时分析了断层参数、煤柱参数对突水条件的影响规律